No key ingredients

• Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid)1

  L-ascorbic acid, the unesterified form of vitamin C.

  Ascorbic Acid

• Alpha arbutin1

  A gentler glycosylated relative of hydroquinone.

  Arbutin

• Vitamin C derivative (stable)2

  Stable derivatives of ascorbic acid.

  Ascorbyl Palmitate, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate

• AHA2

  Alpha hydroxy acids — water-soluble chemical exfoliants.

  Citric Acid, Lactic Acid

• Barrier Repair1

  Strengthens and restores the skin's natural barrier.

  Paraffinum Liquidum

• Smoothing1

  Refines rough or uneven texture.

  Paraffinum Liquidum

• Antioxidant1

  Shields skin from free radical damage.

  Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate

• Anti-Pollution2

  Helps defend against airborne pollutants.

  Paraffinum Liquidum, Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate

• Hydrating4

  Boosts hydration and relieves dry, tight skin.

  Dimethicone, Dimethiconol, Glycerin, Lactic Acid

• Barrier Repair5

  Strengthens and restores the skin's natural barrier.

  Cyclohexasiloxane, Dimethicone, Dimethiconol, Glycerin, Niacinamide

• Reduces Irritation1

  Eases discomfort and supports skin resilience.

  Bisabolol

• Redness Reducing2

  Soothes visible redness and calms irritation.

  Bisabolol, Niacinamide

• May Worsen Oily Skin1

  May increase shine or excess oil.

  Paraffinum Liquidum

• May Trigger Acne1

  Can clog pores or trigger breakouts.

  Ascorbyl Palmitate

• May Worsen Seborrheic Dermatitis1

  May feed the yeast involved in seborrheic dermatitis.

  Ascorbyl Palmitate

• May Worsen Keratosis Pilaris1

  May clog follicles or strip skin prone to keratosis pilaris.

  Ascorbyl Palmitate

• May Worsen Irritation1

  May cause stinging, redness or sensitivity.

  Alcohol Denat.